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Celiac Disease (Coeliac Disease)

Symptoms and Frequently Asked Questions

Celiac Disease is just one type of gluten intolerance - (an inability to fully digest gluten). It was first recognised as a disease in Roman times: from the Greek for "colic"- severe abdominal pain and accompanying illnesses.

World War 2 rationing in Europe meant that wheat and barley were diverted to feed troops. Those left behind were switched to other grains like corn and rice. One Netherlands doctor noticed that a group of sickly children he had been treating suddenly became well on the substitute foods. He postulated that the grain proteins were the culprits - glutens.

He presented his findings to the Royal Society but was ridiculed. After the war when rationing ended and wheat was reintroduced he observed that the children all fell ill again. The Gluten-free diet was born. His name was Dr Willem Karel Dicke.

 

Identifying Symptoms of Celiac disease

There are actually dozens of symptoms caused by the 'inability to digest gluten' - a grass grain. Different forms of gluten are present in a number of grass grains including: Wheat, Rye, Barley, Triticale, Kamut, Spelt and Oats.

Main symptoms and their categories are listed here. These seem to be exactly the conditions which fill up doctors' waiting rooms - and which doctors hardly ever ascribe to simple food intolerance.

That is really unfortunate - because all these conditions may be easily treated by switching a few foods in the diet. Symptoms and medical conditions caused by gluten intolerance include:

    • Gastro-intestinal: stomach bloating & pain, diarrhea, flatulence, constipation etc.
    • General tiredness: chronic fatigue, lethargy, unwell feeling
    • Neurological: headache, memory loss, behavioural difficulties, depression
    • Immune conditions: frequent infections like colds & 'flu, and bacterial infections, yeast infections, mouth ulcers
    • Inflammation and inflammatory disease: Stiff joints, arthritis, colitis, thyroiditis, psoriasis and others.
    • Skin conditions: eczema, fungal infections, itching flaky skin, dandruff
    • Infertility: Difficulty conceiving, miscarriage

For a full list of symptoms of gluten intolerance - sign up for the free Symptoms Matrix.

 

Frequently Asked Questions about Celiac (Coeliac) Disease

What is the difference between Celiac disease and Gluten intolerance?

Gluten intolerance is a broad term which includes all kinds of sensitivity to Gluten. A very small proportion of Gluten intolerant people will test positive for Celiac Disease, and so are called Celiacs (less than 0.5% of the population).

But most Gluten sensitive people return negative or inconclusive results upon Celiac testing. The correct term for these people is Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitive (NCGS) and may be as many as ~15% of all people or 1 in 7.

The most accurate and effective way to identify NCGS is to do an Elimination Diet or our easy version the the Detection Diet Journal - free to subscribers.

Comments:

Celiac Disease (CD) was the first type of Gluten intolerance ever recognised. A special test was designed in the 1940s to observe whether the small intestine was damaged. it is called a biopsy and uses a tiny section of intestinal tissue.

Although Celiac testing is still used in many clinics as a first test for Gluten sensitivity, it only picks up the small percentage of Gluten-sensitive people who are Celiac.

It misses the NCGS patients. Consequently this latter group is poorly diagnosed and misses out on discovering the simple and drug-free cure of a Gluten-free Diet for a dramatic recovery.

If you think you might be gluten intolerant - you could try a Gluten-Free diet and see if you get better. Gluten-free Guides in the Shop

What is Gluten and which foods have it?

Gluten is a highly complex protein that occurs in four main grains: Wheat, rye, barley and oats. It is present in all types of Wheat grain like whole grain wheat, wheat bran, spelt, triticale and others.

This means Gluten is also present in all baked foods that are made from these grains: bread, pies, cake, breakfast cereals, porridge, cookies, pizza and pasta. There are literally thousands of processed foods which contain Gluten.

However Gluten is one of the most complex proteins consumed by man. It is a very large molecule relative to other food molecules and for that reason is difficult for the human digestive system to break down (digest). Problems begin when it reaches the small intestine. In sensitive individuals partially broken down gluten actually tears holes in the lining of the gut, leading to Leaky Gut Syndrome.

This allows foreign particles (and whatever else is in the gut, including bacteria) into the bloodstream. Of course that sets the body's immune system on 'high alert' - resulting in your symptoms. Could you be gluten intolerant? Use our free elimination diet Journal to find out.

How common is Celiac (Coeliac) disease?

Around 0.5% of the world's population is Coeliac. This means ~1 in 200 people.

However new evidence shows Non-Coeliac Gluten Sensitivity (NCGS) is around 30 times more prevalent. Up to 15% of people or 1 in 7 are Gluten Sensitive and suffer the same symptoms. These are people who test negative or inconclusive for Coeliac Disease. The most accurate and clinically effective way to identify NCGS is the Elimination Diet – or Journal Method..

All Gluten sensitive people improve dramatically on a Gluten-Free diet.

Diagnosis of Gluten intolerance in elderly patients is disproportionately high - because it is misdiagnosed and under-diagnosed by doctors.

The symptoms of both Non-Coeliac Gluten Sensitivity (NCGS) and Coeliac Disease (CD) become worse with age if left undiagnosed.

Could you have gluten intolerance? Compare your symptoms in the Symptoms Matrix

What are the Symptoms of Celiac (Coeliac) disease?

The symptoms for Gluten intolerance are varied and usually have a delayed onset - up to 2 or 3 days later.

This is why they are traditionally difficult for doctors to diagnose. They can be:

  • Gastro-intestinal: stomach bloating & pain, diarrhea, flatulence, constipation etc.
  • Neurological: headache, memory loss, behavioural difficulties, depression
  • Immune: poor resistance to infection, mouth ulcers
  • Inflammatory disease: arthritis, colitis, thyroiditis etc.
  • Skin rashes, eczema, psoriasis, itching flaky skin
  • General: food cravings, tiredness, chronic fatigue, unwell feeling
  • Infertility, miscarriage or difficulty conceiving

For a more comprehensive list of symptoms, see the Symptoms Matrix.

Because the symptoms overlap with many other ailments, Gluten intolerance can be missed or misdiagnosed.

Doctors readily acknowledge that Gluten intolerance is poorly diagnosed.

How is Celiac disease identified?

All types of Gluten intolerance - including Celiac Disease are easily and accurately identified by an Elimination Diet (Journal Method).

However many people turn to blood tests as a first resort, expecting it will be quicker and more accurate. Unfortunately most testing for Celiac Disease is not reliable. Even the so-called 'gold standard' intestinal biopsy will only test positive for fairly extensive intestinal damage - as in advanced cases of Celiac Disease.

The prevalence of Celiac Disease is just a tiny fraction of other Gluten intolerance. Celiac Disease (CD) was the first type of Gluten sensitivity for which a diagnostic testing procedure was devised - way back in the 1940s. Although that same type of Celiac testing is still used in many clinics as a first test for Gluten sensitivity, it only picks up that small percentage of Gluten-sensitive people who are Celiac.

This old-fashioned test misses the Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitive patients. Therefore this latter group is poorly diagnosed and never gets to take advantage of the brilliant and free-of-drugs remedy - the Gluten-Free diet. Once on the right diet these people would begin getting well within days.


If you think you might have gluten intolerance - you could try a gluten-free diet and see if you get better. Gluten-free guides in the Shop

How did I get Celiac disease?

Coeliac Disease - just like other Gluten intolerance is 'in the family', or genetically inherited. If you are Gluten intolerant, then up to 10% of the immediate family will also be affected, even if they don't yet have any symptoms.

Could this be you? Find out with the Symptoms Matrix

Comments

Some Gluten intolerance is identified in children. But for others, it is not until much later in life that Gluten intolerance is actually suspected. Frequently it is triggered by some 'life event' - like divorce, a death in the family, job loss or serious illness. One indicator can be persistently low iron levels or anaemia.

How is Celiac Disease (Coeliac Disease) treated?

No drugs or therapies are needed to treat Celiac disease - or any other type of Gluten sensitivity. You only need to exclude Gluten from your diet - by switching those foods for others. This means a Gluten-free diet - avoid all foods, drinks, supplements and pharmaceuticals which contain Gluten. Fortunately thousands of new and delicious Gluten-free foods become available with every passing month.

To eat Gluten-free with confidence - you have to understand the traps and pitfalls. Gluten-free guides in the Shop.

When will I be cured from Celiac Disease?

Here at foodintol® we don’t view Celiacs as ‘diseased’ people. In fact you don't need a cure, just a different diet. Gluten sensitivity is genetic – it’s just the way some people are. Like having blue eyes or freckles.

For your freckles you stay out of the sun. For your Celiac Disease - or Gluten intolerance, you avoid Gluten.

After just a few weeks on a gluten-free diet symptoms diminish or disappear completely. That's when many Gluten sensitive people report feeling better than they have for years.

 

 

Why Does Gluten Cause These Symptoms?

These illnesses and medical conditions are caused by a protein in the grass grain - known as gluten - or more precisely - the protein breakdown fragments of gluten.

Gluten is a very big molecule - in fact it is one of the most complex proteins eaten by man. To be digested it needs to break down many times and many of us do not have the right biological equipment to achieve its full digestion. Our bodies were not 'designed' to digest grass grains like wheat.

    • The animals which have the perfect and ideal digestive systems for grass grains are birds
    • Yes, grazing animals like cows eat grass - but they have evolved four stomachs to do the job

 

Gluten is very difficult to digest

Some digestion begins in the mouth where the wheat product is chewed and munched and mixed with enzymes in the saliva. This physically breaks up the food before it is swallowed and enters the stomach.

The actual protein breakdown begins in the stomach. In gluten sensitive people (those who are unable to digest gluten) the effects can first be felt in the duodenum - the very first part of the intestine, right after the stomach. You might feel a "bloating" sensation happening right after a meal - located right under the ribs and above your waist.

But - as many people know too well - there are other symptoms still to come.

The first split-up of the huge gluten protein produces two smaller types of protein - known as peptides:

  • Gliadins
  • Glutenins

Unfortunately - for people who are gluten intolerant - this is where all the problems begin. Gliadins and glutenins behave in quite different ways - but when working together can have devastating effects on the human body.

While the gliadins work to perforate the intestine and create chaos (like inflammation and disrupted processes) - glutenins get a free ride into the bloodstream via the damaged intestine - and initiate other mischief.

Two Protein Breakdown Products of Gluten:

1). Gliadins

One breakdown product of gluten - gliadins - can have a very damaging effect on the intestine. In fact, because of this, gluten is regarded by some as "the protein with teeth" - because this gliadin actually tears holes in the intestinal wall tissue.

Now this may not sound too bad. Everything heals pretty quickly, right?

However the small intestine is where two vital functions take place - absorption and filtering.

    • ABSORPTION of food nutrients takes place in the small intestine. Food is converted into energy so we can live and breath and work. And we need the right mix of nutrients and water for every organ and system to operate properly. When absorption goes wrong - we miss out on nutrients and develop dehydration, mineral deficiencies or other conditions which can turn into chronic diseases like anaemia, colitis, arthritis or osteoporosis.
    • FILTERING (SCREENING) The small intestine also acts as a screening mechanism. It prevents unwanted things like bacteria, fungals and foreign proteins from entering our bloodstream. But when this filter gets holes in it - (with gluten damage you can actually see damaged tissue under a microscope) - all kinds of foreign particles  escape into the bloodstream and travel anywhere in the body: the joints, organs, skin and brain.

Of course the brilliant human body heals itself fairly quickly after one-off damage events. However - we usually eat grain-based foods several times a day: breakfast cereals, sandwiches, muffins, cookies, bowls of noodles and pasta. Therefore if you are gluten intolerant - your small intestine does not get the chance to heal. And years and years of such damage eventually leads to diagnosis of chronic disease.

 

 2). Glutenins

The other breakdown peptide of gluten is glutenin. This peptide is responsible for strengthening bread dough and allows loaves to remain raised and 'light' for eating. However gliutenins are also associated with addictive symptoms: cravings, binge eating and addictive behaviour.

    • Can you now see why your small intestine is such a vital part of your body - and why intestinal health is so central to good health?

 

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References

Gluten intolerance and links to Gastrointestinal, Neurological, Reproductive and other disorders